I sometimes use metronidazole for 2-6 months or longer, in conjunction with maintenance levels of corticosteroids, for liver disease patients that may have both a bacterial and inflammatory component, or that are unable to tolerate required dosage levels of corticosteroids used alone to control the disease. Metronidazole may also be useful in treatment of some chronic inflammatory conditions because it helps reduce cell-mediated immune responses. The combination of metronidazole and an aminoglycoside may be superior for this purpose. It may also be useful in treatment of any liver disorder complicated by inability of the hepatic RE system to clear bacteria absorbed through the portal circulation. Metronidazole's effectiveness against these bacteria could help reduce production of endogenous ammonia, thus benefiting patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Bacteriologic studies have suggested that gram-negative anaerobes are major generators of ammonia from peptides. Metronidazole is highly active against Bacteroides and other anaerobes that exist in high numbers in the colon. Although high hepatic tissue levels are reached with chloramphenicol, the plasma half-life can be prolonged and toxicity may occur in patients with liver disease. Chloramphenicol and tetracycline are alternative choices that are effectively excreted in the bile, however, tetracycline is potentially hepatotoxic. hepatitis from any cause, septicemia) the antibiotics selected generally are directed against intestinal organisms.Īntibiotics routinely used in treatment of patients with liver disease include penicillins (ampicillin 10 mg/lb TID, amoxicillin 10 mg/lb BID), cephalexin (Keflex, Dista) 10 mg/lb TID, enrofloxacin (Baytril) 1.2 - 2.3 mg/lb BID, and metronidazole (Flagyl, Searle) 5-0 mg/lb BID. In cases of compromised hepatic RE function (e.g. The regimen may be modified in accordance with specific information obtained from cultures of bile, hepatic tissue or blood. Cholangitis has several causes, including bacterial invasion, which warrants antibiotic therapy. In hepatic bacterial encephalopathy, antibiotics are used to help reduce colonic bacterial numbers in an effort to decrease ammonia formation. The bactericidal function of the hepatic reticuloendothelial (RE) system may be compromised in hepatic disease, especially if hepatic blood flow or oxygen tension is altered, resulting in septicemia. Order everything from prescription dog medicine to antibiotics for cats and other pets with just a few clicks and a prescription from your vet.Antibiotic therapy is indicated for treatment of suppurative hepatitis, cholangiohepatitis and hepatic encephalopathy, and prevention of septicemia. You can get the medicines you need to clear up common infections and health complaints online in the Chewy Pet Pharmacy. Common ear infections will often be treated with antimicrobial or inflammation-relieving ear drops & medicine. These come as either a liquid solution or an ointment you apply directly to the eye, and they can provide relief as well as antibiotic action on microbes. If you have a younger dog with an infection or ailment, your veterinarian can prescribe puppy antibiotics of the right type and with the right strength for your furry friend.ĭogs with eye infections may be prescribed antibiotic eye drops & medicine. A veterinarian can also let you know about side effects to watch for and give you tips for getting your best friend to take his medicine. Your dog needs to see a vet to get a prescription for canine antibiotics, and your vet can advise you on how long to give the antibiotics and how much medicine to give. You can find antibiotics for a range of ailments in the Chewy pharmacy, including antibiotics for ear infections, skin infections and eye infections, as well as and UTI antibiotics. Help fight troublesome canine infections with prescription antibiotics.
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